及参考答案
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions:
河南专升本报名Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)
It's not difficult to set targets for staff.It is much harder, 1,to understand their negative consequences.Most work-related behaviors have multiple components.2one and the others become distorted.
Travel on a London bus and you'll3see how this works with drivers.Watch people get on and show their tickets.Are they carefully inspected?Never.Do people get on without paying?Of course!Are there inspectors to4that people have paid?
Possibly,but very few.And people who run for the bus?They are
5.How about jumping lights?Buses do so almost as frequently as
cyclists.
Why?Because the target is6.People complained that buses were late and infrequent.7,the number of buses and bus lanes were increased,and drivers were8or punished according to the time they took.And drivers hit these targets.But they9hit cyclists.If the target was changed to10,you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing.If the criterion changed to safety,you would get more11drivers who obeyed traffic laws.
But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.
There is another12:people became immensely inventive in hitting targets.Have you13that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time?Tailwinds?Of course not!Airlines have simply changed the time a14is meant to take.A one-hour fight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.
The15of the story is simple.Most jobs are multidimensional,
with multiple criteria.Choose one criterion and you may well16 others.Everything Can be done faster and made cheaper,but there
is a17.Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.
This is not an argument against target-setting.But it is an argument for exploring consequences first.All good targets should have multiple criteria18critical factors such as time,money, quality and customer feedback.The trick is not only to19just one or even two dimensions of the objective,but also to understand how to help people better20the objective.
南京考编报名入口1.[A]therefore[B]however[C]again[D]moreover
2.[A]Emphasizes[B]Identify[C]Asses[D]Explain
3.[A]nearly[B]curiously[C]eagerly[D]quickly
4.[A]claim[B]prove[C]check[D]recall
5.[A]threatened[B]ignored[C]mocked[D]blamed
6.[A]punctuality[B]hospitality[C]competition[D]innovation
7.[A]Yes[B]So[C]Besides[D]Still
8.[A]hired[B]trained[C]rewarded[D]grouped
9.[A]only[B]rather[C]once[D]also
10.[A]comfort[B]revenue[C]efficiency[D]security
11.[A]friendly[B]quiet[C]cautious[D]diligent
12.[A]purpose[B]problem[C]prejudice[D]policy
13.[A]reported[B]revealed[C]admitted[D]noticed
14.[A]break[B]trip[C]departure[D]transfer
15.[A]moral[B]background[C]style[D]form
16.[A]interpret[B]criticize[C]sacrifice[D]tolerate
17.[A]task[B]secret[C]product[D]cast
18.[A]leading to[B]calling for[C]relating to[D]accounting for
19.[A]specify[B]predict[C]restore[D]create
20.[A]modify[B]review[C]present[D]achieve
SectionⅡReading Comprehension
Part A Directions:
Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)
Text1
“Reskilling”is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind.
We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly,as will the requirements of the jobs that remain Research by the WEF detailed in the Harvard Business Review,
finds that on average42 percent of the“core skills"within job roles will change by2022.That is a very short timeline,so we can only imagine what the changes will be further in the future.
The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one.For individual companies,the temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace them with those whose skills are.That does not always happen.AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company who decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy.Other companies had also pledged to create their own plans.When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy. Though,the focus usually tums to government to handle.Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best.And have given us a situation where we frequently hear of employers begging for workers.Even at times and in regions where unemployment is high.
With the pandemic,unemployment is very high indeed.In February at 3.5per cent and5.spectively,unemployment rates in Canada and the United States were at generational lows and worker shortages were everywhere.As of May,those rates had spiked up to13.3per cent and13.7 per cent,and although many worker shortages had disappeared,not all had done so.In the medical field,to take an obvious example,the pandemic meant that there were still clean shortages of doctors,nurses and other medical personnel.
Of course,it is not like you can take an unemployed waiter and train him to be a doctor in a few weeks,no matter who pays for it.But even if
you cannot close the gap,maybe you can close others and doing so would be to the benefit of all concern.That seems to be the case in Sweden:when forced to furlough90PC.of their cabin staff.Scandinavian Airline decided to start up a short retaining program that reskilled the laid-off workers to support hospital staff.The effort was a collective one and involved other companies as well as a Swedish university.
21.Research by the World Economic Forum suggests.
[A]an increase in full time employment
[B]an urgent demand for new job sills
[C]a steady growth of job opportunities
[D]a controversy about the“core skills”
22.AT&T is cited to show_______.
[A]an alternative to the fire-and-hire strategy
会计从业资格考试时间2021报名[B]an immediate need for government support
[C]the importance of staff appraisal standards[D]the characteristics of res-killing programs
23.Efforts to resolve the skills mismatch in Canada_______.
[A]have driven up labour costs
[B]have proved to be inconsistent
[C]have met with fierce opposition
[D]have appeared to be insufficient国家公务员考试时间2023具体时间
24.We can learn from Paragraph3that there was
考研时间2023[A]a call for policy adjustment
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