考研英语（二）-试卷105
(总分136, 做题时间90分钟)
1. Use of English
Section I    Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an【C1】______ burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution, but【C2】______ retirement could help.    Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially【C3】______ one, and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The【C4】______ reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the【C5】____
__ of those in work for their income. The【C6】______ is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates and【C7】______ life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double【C8】______ size. Public pension payments, which afford 30% ~ 80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are【C9】______ to rise, on average, by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.【C10】______ is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today's workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they【C11】______ for.    Action is needed,【C12】______ simply aiming to reduce the【C13】______ (and cost) of public pensions, or trying to【C14】______ the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be【C15】______ to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of【C16】______ early retirement schemes to avoid【C17】______ and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking【C18】______ persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less【C19】______ and unemployment is down, then perhaps the【C20】______ rate should rise anew.
1. 
【C1】
A unsolvable
B additional
C unsustainable
D undue
2. 
【C2】
A delaying
B retaining
C detaining
D hindering
3. 
【C3】
A ultimate
B unattainable
C specific
D expensive
4. 
【C4】
A substantial
B essential
C potential
D controversial
5. 
【C5】
A donating
B sponsoring
C subsidizing
D funding
6. 
【C6】
A outlook
B outcome
C outbreak
D outset
7. 
【C7】
A prolonging
B expanding
C soaring
D rising
8. 
【C8】
A in
B on
零基础如何考公务员C by
D for
9. 
【C9】
A conceived
B reckoned
河南人事考试考试中心C expected
D meant
10. 
【C10】
A As
B Such
C So
D It
11. 
【C11】
A should pay
B paying
C be paid
D would pay
12. 
【C12】
A but
B for
C and
D thus
13. 
【C13】
A multitude
B implementation
C application
D generosity
14. 
【C14】
2023国考公务员职位一览表
A exaggerate
B augment
C magnify安徽二建成绩查询
D multiply
15. 
【C15】
A insufficient
B influential
C inefficient
D intrinsic
16. 
【C16】
A advancing
B previous
C ahead
D preceding
17. 
【C17】
A suspensions
B abundances
C redundancies
D discrepancies
18. 
【C18】
A for
B to
C about
D at
19. 
【C19】
贵州公务员考试职位表2021
A turbulent
B strenuous
C compact
D intricate
20. 
【C20】
A dependency
B fertility
C present
D mortality
2. Reading Comprehension
Section II    Reading Comprehension会计报名入口登录
Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.    It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.    We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.
Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. "So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism," Newman wrote, "that I am tempted to define 'journalism' as 'a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.'"    Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.    Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upho
lstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
1. 
It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that______.
A arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers
B English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews
C high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers
D young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies
2. 
Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by_________.
A free themes
B casual style
C elaborate layout
D radical viewpoints
3. 
Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?
A It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.
B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.
C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.
D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.
4. 
What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?
A His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.