2022年考研考博-考博英语-华南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
I have never laid（ ）to being an expert in this field.
问题1选项
A.reclaim
B.exclamation
C.affirmation
D.claim
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。lay claim to “声称……的权力，自称有知识等”。句意：我从不认为自己是这个领域的专家。结合句意，故D为正确答案。
2.
单选题
The accuracy of scientific observations and calculations is always at the mercy of the scientist's timekeeping methods. For this reason scientists are interested in devices that give promise of more precise timekeeping.
In their search for precision, scientists have turned to atomic clocks that depend on various vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their “ticking”. This is possible because each kind of atom or molecule has its own characteristic rate of vibration. The nitrogen atom in ammonia, for example: vibrates or “ticks” 24 billion times a second.
One such atomic clock is so accurate that it will probably lose no more than a second in 3000 years. It will be of great importance in fields such as astronomical observation and lon
g-range navigation. The heart of this Atomichron is a cesium atom that -vibrates 9.2 billion times a second when heated to the temperature of boiling water.
An atomic clock that operates with an ammonia molecule may be used to check the accuracy of predictions based on Einstein’s relativity theories, according to which a clock in motion and a clock at rest should keep time differently. Placed in an orbiting satellite moving at a speed of 18, 000 miles an hour, the clock could broadcast its time reading to a ground station, where they would be compared with the readings on a similar model. Whatever differences developed would be checked against the differences predicted.
1.Scientists expect that the atomic clock will be（ ）.
2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
3.It could be inferred from the passage that（ ）.
4.The word “vibration” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to（ ）.
5.Which of the following can best summarize the passage?
问题1选项
A.absolutely accurate
B.more precise.2022考研英语答案
C.heat-resistant
D.different in vibration
问题2选项
A.Temperature changes affect the vibration rate of ammonia molecules.
B.The rate of vibration of an atom does not vary.
C.Einstein’s relativity theories are based on the vibration of atoms.
D.Temperature changes may affect the speed at which atoms travel.
问题3选项
A.precise timekeeping is not possible at all
B.scientists expect to disprove Einstein's relativity theories
C.atomic clocks will be important in space flight
D.clock in motion and a dock at rest keep time differently.
问题4选项
A.pulse
B.precision
C.movement
D.accuracy
问题5选项
A.Peacetime use of the atoms
B.Atoms and molecules
C.The satellite timekeepers
D.The role of the clock in the astronomy
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:A
【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段“In their search for precision, scientists have turned to atomic clocks that depend on various vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their ‘ticking’.”，中文翻译为：在追求精确性过程中，科学家们已经
2.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段中 “The heart of this Atomichron is a cesium atom that vibrates 9.2 billion times a second when heated to the temperature of boiling water.”，中文翻译为：这个原子钟的中心是一个铯原子，当加热到沸水的温度时，它每秒振动92亿次。因此，A项“温度变化影响氨分子的振动速率”正确。
3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章尾段“Placed in an orbiting satellite moving at a speed of 18, 000 miles an hour, the clock could broadcast its time reading to a ground station, where they would be compared with the readings on a similar model.”，中文翻译为：在以每小时18000英里的速度运行的轨道卫星中，时钟可以将其时间读数广播到地面站，并在地面站与类似模型上的读数进行比较。可以推测出C选项“原子钟在太空飞行中将起重要作用”。
4.词义猜测题。由题干关键词 “vibration” 可以定位到文中 “This is possible because each kind of atom or molecule has its own characteristic rate of vibration.”，中文翻
译为：这是可能的，因为每种原子或分子都有其特有的……速率。以及 “The nitrogen atom in ammonia, for example: vibrates or ‘ticks’ 24 billion times a second.”，中文翻译为：例如，氨中的氮原子每秒……或“滴答”240亿次。可以得知A选项“振动”正确。
5.主旨大意题。通读全文可知文中主要介绍原子钟的计时精确度、特性和相关原理，以及它在天文领域的一些应用。推测出A选项“和平时期原子的使用”正确。
3.
单选题
If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller（ ）.
问题1选项
A.pair
B.suit
C.one
D.set
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这些鞋太大了，请店员给你拿一双更小的。结合语境，由前文谈及 “这些鞋子”，即应该是成对的，故应该用“一双”，则 A为正确答案。
4.
单选题
（ ）me, I think an English-Chinese dictionary is much more helpful to our study than an all English dictionary.
问题1选项
A.As far as
B.As
C.As for
D.As regard
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。as for “对……来说，就……而言”。句意：对我来说，我认为一本英汉字典要比一本全英字典要好。根据句意可知C为正确答案。
5.
单选题
I cannot give you（ ）for the type of car you sell because there is no demand for it in the market.
问题1选项
A.an expense
B.a charge
C.a purchase
D.an order
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A: an expense “花费”；B: a charge “收费”；C: a purchase “购买”；D: an order “订单、订购”。句意：我不能定购你们出售的这种车，因为没有市场需求。结合此处语境，谈及到没有市场需求，因此D为正确答案。
6.
单选题
The magician picked several persons（ ）from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.
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