2022年考研考博-考博英语-南昌大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
The ______ cause of death today in Britain is heart disease, with cancer in second place.
问题1选项
A.initial
B.previous
C.subsequent
D.prime
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。initial “最初的，第一的”；previous “以前的，早先的”；subsequent “随后的”；prime “主要的，最好的”。句意：如今，英国人的主要死亡原因是心脏病，癌症位居第二。选项D符合题意。
2.
单选题
I didn’t send out my application form last week, but I          .
问题1选项
A.had to
B.would do
C.should have
D.might have to
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定用法。should have done表示“本应该做某事而实际上没做”。句意：我上周没有提交申请表格，这本是我应该去做的。选项C符合题意。
3.
单选题
Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by “drugs” that aren't really drugs at all ______ sugar pills that contain no active chemical elements.
问题1选项
A.or rather
B.rather than
C.other than
D.but rather
【答案】D
【解析】考查词组辨析。or rather “倒不如说”；rather than “而不是”；other than“除了，不同于”；but rather “而是”。句意：有时候帮助病人缓解疼痛的药物并不是真正的药物而是一些不含活性化学元素的糖丸。选项D符合题意。
4.
单选题
The United States consists of fifty states,          has its own government.
问题1选项
A.each of them
B.they each
C.which
D.each of which
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：美国由50个州组成，每个州都有自己的政府。选项D符合题意。
5.
单选题
By signing the lease we made a ______ to pay a rent of $150 a week.
问题1选项
A.conception
Bmission
Cmitment
D.confinement
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。make a commitment “承诺”。句意：根据所签的租赁合同，我们承诺每周付150美元的租金。选项C符合题意。
6.
单选题
Computer equipment can become          very quickly because new technology emerges so fast.
问题1选项
A.primitive
B.expired
C.ragged
D.obsolete
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。primitive “原始的”；expired “过期的，失效的”；ragged “粗糙的”；obsolete “淘汰的；废弃的；过时的”。句意：由于新技术的迅速出现，计算机设备可能很快就会过时。选项D符合题意。
7.
单选题
Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that will allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.
People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.
Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not necessary to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information,” says James Fozard, associate director of the national Institute on Aging. “Most of us don’t need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain metal alertness. Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skill, both because they joy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.
Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. He says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual a
bilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. D.“The point is, you need to do both,” Cohen says. "Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size.”
1. People who are cognitively healthy are those .
2. According to Fozard, people can make their brains work more efficiently by .
3. The findings of James and other scientists in their work .
4. Older people are generally advised to .
5. The passage is mainly about .
南昌大学考研人数炸了
问题1选项
A.who can remember large amounts of information
B.who are highly intelligent
C.whose minds are alert and receptive
D.who are good at recognizing different things
问题2选项
A.constantly doing memory work
B.taking part in various mental activities
C.going through specific training
D.making frequent adjustments
问题3选项
A.remain to be further proved
B.have been challenged by many other experts
C.have been generally accepted
D.are practiced by the researchers themselves
问题4选项
A.keep fit by going in for physical activities
B.keep mentally active by challenging their brains
C.maintain mental alertness through specific training
D.maintain a balance between individual and group activities
问题5选项
A.how biochemical changes occur in human brain
B.why people should keep active both physically and mentally
C.how intellectual activities influence health