表1 英国现设主要部级行政部门、部门主管及其汉译
英国部门英语原文
汉语翻译
部门主管英语原文
汉语翻译
Prime Minister’s Office
首相办公室
Prime Minister
首相
Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
副首相办公室
Deputy Prime Minister
副首相
Department for Culture, Media and Sport
文化、媒体及体育部
Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
文化媒体体育大臣／部长
Department for Education and Skills
教育技能部
Secretary of State for Education and Skills
教育技能大臣／部长
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
环境、食品及农村事务部
Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
环境食品农村事务大臣／部长
Department of Health
卫生部
Secretary of State for Health
卫生大臣／部长
Department for International Development
国际发展部
Secretary of State for International Development
国际发展大臣／部长
Department of Trade and Industry
贸易及工业部
Secretary of State for Trade and Industry
贸易及工业大臣／部长
Department for Transport
交通部
Secretary of State for Transport
交通大臣／部长
Department for Work and Pensions
工作及养恤金部
Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
工作及养恤金大臣／部长
Department for Constitutional Affairs
宪法事务部
Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs
宪法事务大臣／部长
Ministry of Defence
国防部
Secretary of State for Defence
国防大臣／部长
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
外交及联邦事务部
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs （一般称the Foreign Secretary）
外交及联邦事务大臣／部长（一般称外交大臣／部长）
Home Office
内务部
Secretary of State for the Home Department（一般称the Home Secretary）
内务大臣／部长
Northern Ireland Office
北爱尔兰事务部
Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
北爱尔兰事务大臣／部长
Scotland Office
苏格兰事务部
Secretary of State for Scotland
苏格兰事务大臣／部长
Wales Office
威尔士事务部
Secretary of State for Wales
威尔士事务大臣／部长
HM Treasury
财政部
Chancellor of the Exchequer
财政大臣／部长
Privy Council
枢密院
Lord President of the Privy Council
枢密院大臣／院长
Law Officers’ Department
法务部
Attorney General
总检察长
Minister without Portfolio
不管部大臣
Lord Privy Seal
掌玺大臣
Lord Protector
护国公
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
兰开斯特公爵郡大臣
表2 美国现设主要行政部门、部门主管及其汉译
美国行政部门英语原文
汉语翻译
部门主管英语原文
汉语翻译
部级
Department of State
国务部
Secretary of State
国务部长
Department of the Treasury
财政部
Secretary of the Treasury
财政部长
Department of Defense
国防部
Secretary of Defense
国防部长
Department of Justice
司法部
Attorney General
司法部长
Department of the Interior
内政部
Secretary of the Interior
内政部长
Department of Agriculture
农业部
Secretary of Agriculture
农业部长
Department of Commerce
商务部
Secretary of Commerce
商务部长
Department of Labor
劳工部
Secretary of Labor
劳工部长
Department of Health and Human Services
卫生和公共服务部
Secretary of Health and Human Services
卫生和公众服务部长
Department of Homeland Security
国土安全部
Secretary of Homeland Security
国土安全部长
Department of Education
教育部
Secretary of Education
教育部长
Department of Energy
能源部
Secretary of Energy
能源部长
Department of Housing and Urban Development
住房和城市发展部
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
住房和城市发展部长
Department of Transportation
运输部
Secretary of Transportation
运输部长
Department of Veterans Affairs
退伍军人事务部
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
退伍军人事务部长


值得注意的一点是，在“部”的称谓方面，现代英国词语系统有向美国词语系统靠拢的趋势，对新建或改建的“部”，不再称“Ministry”，而称“Department”，如Department of Trade and Industry（1970）、Department for Culture, Media and Sport（1997）、Department for Education and Skills（2001）、Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs（2001）、Department for Work and Pensions（2002）、Department for Constitutional Affairs（2003）等。