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2021年大学英语六级翻译模拟试题及答案（卷七）
自从理查德尼克松向癌症宣战以来已经有三十年了。其间，不少专家、学者耗费巨资试图寻各种方法以攻克这个难题。但是今天的癌症死亡率与七十年代仍旧差不多一样高。美国妇女中死于乳腺癌患者是世界上许多其他国家的五到三十倍。在泰国每十万妇女中仅2至5人死于乳腺癌，而美国的妇女会有30至40人遭此厄运。就其原因，没有人会否认其与饮食很有关系。有些科学家认为：“每天人们摄入二至三磅食物，这是我们与环境最大范围的接触。”因此人们必须十分重视良好的饮食习惯。虽说正确的饮食习惯不能根除世界上的癌症，但它有利于减少患癌症的风险。
参考译文：
It has already been three decades since Richard Nixon declared fight against cancer, during which many specialists and scholars spent a large amount of money trying to seek various w
ays to crack this hard nut. Yet today the death rate of cancer is nearly as high as it was in the 1970s. American women's death rate of breast cancer is five to thirty times as high as that of women in many other countries of the world. In Thailand, only two to five out of every 100,000 women die of breast cancer, whereas in the United States, 30 to 40 meet that fate. Among all the reasons, no one denies that diet is a large part of the reason. Some scientists hold, “It's our greatest exposure to the environment because humans put two to three pounds of food into their bodies every day.” Hence people should place a great emphasis on good eating habits. Though the correct eating habit can't eliminate cancer in the world, it can help reduce the risk of cancer.
交通拥堵是世界各国普遍面临的问题。近年来，我国城市化水平空前加快，大中城市交通拥堵问题尤其突出，交通阻塞已由局部向大范围蔓延。这不仅影响了城市生活的效率和质量，而且带来了环境污染、能源紧张等一系列经济社会问题，严重制约了城市的发展。要想解决这一问题，良好的公共交通是必不可少的。实行低票价政策，是实现公交优先的基本保证。从长远来看，则要大力发展轨道交通(rail transportation),降低路面拥堵。
翻译范文：
Traffic jam has been a problem shared by all countries around the world.In recent years,the urbanization of China reaches an unprecedented level,which leads to especially prominent traffic jam in large and medium-sized cities.The problem of traffic jam has extended from part to a wide range.Traffic jam not only affects the efficiency and quality of uiban life,but also causes a series of economic and social problems like environmental pollution and energy deficiency,which greatly restricts the development of cities.To solve the problem,well-organized public transportation is indispensable.Low ticket price is the basic guarantee of priority of public transportation.In the long term,we must vigorously develop rail transportation to lessen traffic jam.
翻译详解：
1.世界各国普遍面临的问题:译为a problem shared by all countries around the world。“普遍面临的”在此处译为shared by,即“为…所共有的”，也可以用commonly faced by表达。
2.尤其突出:可译为especially prominent或particularly prominent。其中prominent意为“突出的，显著的”。
3.由局部向大范围蔓延:可译为has extended from part to a wide range。
4.必不可少:可译为indispensable或necessary,意为“必要的，必然的”。
5.公交优先:可译为priority of public transportation。
6.从长远来看:可译为in the long term,也可译为in the long run或over the long range。
随着人民生活水平和消费水平的提高，中国的垃圾问题日益严峻。很多城市被垃圾包围。
面对日益增长的垃圾产量和环境状况的恶化，中国政府正在努力推行垃极分类(garbageclassification)的政策。
垃圾分类是指将垃圾分为可回收利用和不可回收利用两类，要求人们将垃圾投放至不同的垃圾桶(trash can)，通过不同的清理、运输和回收方式，使之变成新的资源。
它可以减少垃圾处理量，降低处理成本，减少土地资源的消耗，对社会、经济、生态三方面都有益。
【参考译文:】
With the improvement of people's living standards and the increase in consumption level, the garbage problem in China becomes increasingly urgent. Many cities are surrounded by garbage.
Confronted with the growing garbage output and deteriorating environment, the Chinese government is implementing the policy of garbage classification with great effort.
Garbage classification means dividing garbage into recyclable and unrecyclable, and requires people to put garbage into different trash cans so that it can become new resources through different ways of cleaning, transporting and recycling.
It can reduce not only the amount of garbage that needs to be disposed of, but also the deposing cost and the usage of the land, benefiting our society, economy, and environment.
【难点点拨：】
1. 第二句中的“面对日益增长的垃圾产量和环境状况的恶化”，其逻辑主语是后面的“中国政
府”，故此处可采用过去分词短语作状语，置于句首，译成confronted with the growing garbage output and deteriorating environment。
2.“垃圾分类是指将垃圾分为…使之变成新的资源”句子较长，由三个短句组成，第一、第二个短句主语均是“垃圾分类”，因此可用and连接两个谓语“是指”和“要求”。
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