专业英语四级（语法与词汇）历年真题试卷汇编4 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：    4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
PART IV    GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY  (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1． Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)?(2013-53)
A．Nonsmoker.
B．Deadline.
C．Meanness.
英语四级词汇word版
D．Misfit.
正确答案：B
解析：构词法。首先考生要了解最小的语义单位，即词素，其由以下两类构成；自由词素是指本身具有完整意义，可以独立使用的词素；相对而言，粘附词素指没有完整意义不能独立使用的词素。派生词是由词根(主要是自由词根)+派生词缀(分为前缀和后缀)构成，例如A、C、D项，所含词缀分别是non-，-ness，mis-；复合词通常是由两个或两个以上自由词素构成，如B项，由dead和line组成。 
2． Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?(2013-62)
A．Let me drive you home, shall I?
B．You will mind your own business.
C．Come and have dinner with us.
D．I wish you could stay behind.
正确答案：D
解析：祈使句。A项为第一人称祈使句；C项为第二人称祈使句；B项在章振邦语法书情态动
词will一节提到其属于加强祈使句。D项不是祈使句，而是陈述句型的感叹句。 
3． The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词)EXCEPT______.(2013-65)
A．remain
B．turn
C．write
D．knock
正确答案：A
解析：动词。B项是表示改变或位置转移的动词；C项是表示持续动作的动词；D项表示短暂动作的动词，以上三类都属于动态动词。静态动词是指相对静止状态的动词，只能用于非进行体，如be和have，A项就是含有be意义的动词，故属此类。 
4． When the sentence “They had made a mess of the house.” is turned into passive voice, which of the following is CORRECT?(2014-63)
A．A mess had been made in the house.
B．A mess had been made by them.
C．The house had been made a mess of.
D．The house had been made a mess..
正确答案：C
解析：被动语态。“动词+名词+介词”类的动词比较特别，其被动态有两种形式。其一，把“动词+名词+介词”作为整体看待，也就是作为一个及物动词来看待，故C项正确；其二，将其中的“动词+名词”看作“及物动词+宾语”的结构，故Amess had been made of the house．才是正确的转换结果。 
5． When the sentence “Shall I drive you to the airport first?” is turned into indirect speech, which of the following is most appropriate?(2014-65)
A．He agreed to drive me to the airport first.
B．He offered to drive me to the airport first.
C．He advised me to go to the airport first.
D．He suggested that I drive to the airport first.
正确答案：B
解析：间接引语。有些疑问句徒具形式，实际上并非提出询问，而是表示请求、劝告、建议等意思。这种疑问句变为间接引语时，通常通过特殊手段加以表达。例如：表示请求、劝告通常用“ask或advise+宾语+不定式”结构，参看例句：Would youplease spare me a few minutes?可转为He asked me to spare him a few minutes．Whydon’t you take a walk after supper?可转为He advised me to take a walk after supper．再如：表示建议，则用“suggest+一ing分词”或“suggest+that．分句”结构，参看例句：Shall we listen to the music?可转为He suggested listening to the music．What abouthaving a drink?可转为He suggested having a drink．有时还可用“offer+不定式”结构，如：Would you like me to post the letter?可转为I’ve offered to post the letter for him．由于D项中that-分句的主语有误，所以本题选择B。 
6． Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but_____slightly in the afternoon.(2006-78)
A．regained
B．recovered
C．restored
D．revived
正确答案：B
解析：recover表示“股票价格回升，经济复苏”，题意为“股价早上大跌，下午略有回升”。选择B符合语境。 
7． ______to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.(2013-66)
A．Adhering
B．Adopting
C．Adjusting
D．Acquainting
正确答案：C
解析：四个动词形式上有些许相近，学生容易混淆。adjust to表示“适应”，一般指适应新环境，意思上和adapt to，accommodate to相近。句意为“适应学校生活没有小学生料想得那么难”。如：It took him a long while to adjust to living alone．他花了很久适应一个人生活。 
8． The operation could______her life by two or three years.(2014-68)
A．prolong
B．increase
C．expand
D．continue
正确答案：A
解析：四个词均含有“增加”的意义，但各有不同。prolong表示“延长”，通常是让某物延续的时间变长。此句出自牛津高阶英语词典(第七版)，句意为“手术使她延长了两至三年寿命”。如：Shall we prolong our stay for a few days?我们再多呆几天吧? 
9． The flags in the stadium______in the wind.(2014-75)
A．flapped
B．moved
C．shook
D．stirred
正确答案：A
解析：四个词均表示“动”。flap指“(旗等)飘动，摆动，噼啪作响地翻动”，强调布料或纸张上下左右快速摆动，且通常发出噼啪声。句意为“体育场的旗帜在风中噼噼啪啪地飘动”。如：curtains flapping in the breeze在微风中飘动的帷帘。此外，flap还可指“(鸟翼)振动”，如：The gulls flew off，wings flapping．海鸥振翅飞走了。move则表示“移动，搬动”，shake是“摇动”的意思，stir意为“搅动，搅拌；轻轻移动”。显然，这三个单词均不符题意。 
10． She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually______from it. (2013-79)
A．prevented
B．refrained
C．limited
D．restricted
正确答案：B
解析：四个词均有“约束”的含义。refrain from表示“克制，抑制，忍住”。句意为“她真的想在会上说点什么，但最终忍住了这种行为。”如：refrain from laughing／tears忍住笑／眼泪，refrain from smoking请勿吸烟。 
11． Slavery was____in America in the 19th century.(2012-75)
A．terminated
B．cancelled
C．abandoned
D．abolished
正确答案：D
解析：四个动词均表示“结束”的含义，但仍有不同之处。abolish尤指“彻底废除(法律、制度、习俗等)，废止”。此题来自于《朗文当代高级英语辞典》。句意为“美国在19世纪废除了奴隶制”，如：abolish the death penalty废除死刑制度。 
12． Our office has recently_____to a new computer system.(2011-66)
A．altered
B．converted
C．transformed
D．modified
正确答案：B
解析：convert是英语专四高频词，表示“转变，转化”，此处考点为“convert to”，强调“转变为不同的想法、原则或做事方法等”。此句句意为“我们办公室最近改用一套新的计算机系统”，如：Some people have recently converted to vegetarianism．一些人最近改变饮食习惯，成为素食主义者。此外，请考生注意，convert还可用于以下词组：convert sth．to／into sth．意为“使改变，使转化”，可以改变形式、性质或主张等，如：We converted the small bedroom into a second bathroom．我们把这间小卧室改建成第二间浴室。