2019年4月全国高等教育自学考试00015《英语（二》真题与答案解析
第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）
下面的短文后列出了 10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
My Brother
My brother is off at college, and at age 14, I miss him terribly. My brother is a rare kind of guy. He’s smart and kind. And my friends say he5s lovely. But it’s how he handles things and how he treats his friends and his family that make me feel more proud.
He applied to 14 colleges. He was accepted by all but one, the one he wanted, Brown University. So he took his second choice, and off he went to a first year. When he came home for summer vacation, he said he’d move to Rhode Island near Brown, find a job, and do whatever he could to become known in the area. He'd work his heart out and do his best at everything. Someone, he was sure, would notice. This was a big deal for my parents as it meant agreeing to a year without college. But they trusted him and encouraged him to do whatever he thought it would take to realize his dream.
It wasn’t long before he was hired as an amateur (业余的）play director at Brown. Now was his chance to shine, and shine he did. He put every bit of himself into the job. He met teachers and school officials, talked to everyone about his dream and never hesitated to tell them what he was after.
And, sure enough, at the end of the year, when he reapplied to Brown, he was accepted. We were all happy, but for me the happiness went very deep. I had learned an important lesson—a lesson no one could have taught me with words. If I work hard for what I want, and if I keep trying after I’ve been turned down, my dreams can also come true. This is a gift I still hold in my heart.
1.My brother had many good qualities.
A.True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我的哥哥有很多好品质。根据第一段的He’s smart and kind. And my friends say he’s lovely.可知，我的哥哥既聪明又善良。朋友们都夸他可爱。因此选择A. True。
2.Only one university accepted my brother.
A.True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题目中原句的意思是只有一所大学接收我哥哥。根据第二段的He applied to 14 colleges. He was accepted by all but one可知，我哥哥申请了14所大学，除了一所大学以外，其余13所都接收了他。因此选择B. False。
3.My brother’s first year at college was terrible.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】C
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我哥哥在大学的第一年过得很糟糕。根据第二段的When he came home for summer vacation, he said he’d move to Rhode Island near Brown, find a job可知，第一年暑假回家，哥哥说他想去布朗大学附近的Rhode岛工作。但文中并未提及哥哥在大学的第一年过得怎么样。因此选择C. Not Given。
4.My brother would like to find a job in Rhode Island.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我哥哥想在Rhode岛工作。根据第二段的When he came home for summer vacation, he said he’d move to Rhode Island near Brown, find a job 可知，第一年暑假回家，哥哥说他想去布朗大学附近的Rhode岛工作。因此选择A. True。
5.My parents disagreed with my brother’s plan.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我父母不同意哥哥的计划。根据第二段的But they trusted him and encouraged him to do whatever he thought it would take to realize his dream.可知，我父母相信哥哥并且鼓励他去做任何能够实现自己梦想的事情。因此选择B. False。
6.My brother took every opportunity to promote himself.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我的哥哥不会错过任何提升自己的机会。根据第三段的Now was his chance to shine, and shine he did可知，如今哥哥发光的机会来了，然后他确实光彩照人。因此选择A. True。
7.My brother never told anyone what he was after.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我的哥哥没有告诉任何人自己的追求。根据第三段的He met teachers and school officials, talked to everyone about his dream and never hesitated to tell them what he was after.可知，我的哥哥遇到了布朗大学的老师和学校要员并且毫不犹豫地告诉他们自己的追求。因此选择B. False。
8.My brother applied to Brown University three times.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我的哥哥申请布朗大学三次。根据第四段的when he reapplied to Brown, he was accepted.可知，当我哥哥再次申请布朗大学的时候，他被录取了。所以，他只申请了两次。因此选择B. False。
9.My brother set a good example for me.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题目中原句的意思是哥哥给我树立了很好的榜样。根据第四段的I had learned an important lesson—a lesson no one could have taught me with words. If I work hard for what I want, and if I keep trying after I’ve been turned down, my dreams can also come true. This is a gift I still hold in my heart.可知，通过哥哥这件事，我得到了重要的启示，这个启示从来没有人告诉过我。那就是如果我为我的梦想而努力，失败后仍然不放弃，我的梦想一定也会实现。这个启示如同一件礼物一样珍藏于心。因此选择
A. True，哥哥确实给我树立了很好的榜样。
10.I wanted to go to college, too.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
【答案】C
【解析】题目中原句的意思是我也想上大学。全文并未提及我是否想上大学。因此选择C. Not Given。
第二部分：阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黒。
Garlic (大蒜）
Garlic has a long history of human use of over 7,000 years. It was originally grown in Asia. It finally made its way to Europe and South and North Americas in the 16th century. It rapidly spread to the world because it was easy to grow and could stay alive in poor conditions.
Garlic has also long been used in medicine. Egyptians fed garlic to the slaves to keep up their strength and to defend against diseases. The Romans believed that
garlic cured many diseases and helped heal wounds. Greeks gave garlic to athletes during the Olympic Games in order to increase their strength.
More recently, garlic has been mentioned as being used as a treatment for battle wounds in both Worl
d Wars. In fact, even today people eat garlic for its supposed benefits. For example, many people eat garlic to help fight colds and coughs. Some even claim that garlic can help prevent high blood pressure and cancer.
A different use for garlic in the past was to keep away bad spirits. In some countries, people believed that if they wore garlic around their necks, bad things would not enter their bodies. And if they hung garlic outside the doors of their homes, bad things would go away.
Garlic is now grown everywhere in the world. China is the largest producer of garlic, followed by India, South Korea, Egypt and Russia. The popularity of garlic has increased over the years. It is now widely used in all types of cooking. Chinese dishes use garlic. Italian dishes include a lot of garlic, too. Garlic is now highly valued for its taste throughout the world.
11. Garlic was first grown in__________.
A. North America
B. South America
C.Europe
D. Asia
【答案】D
【解析】题目问的是大蒜最早种植在__________。根据第一段的第二句话It was originally grown in Asia.可知，大蒜起初种植在亚洲。因此选择D. Asia（亚洲）。
12.Garlic was quickly accepted by people everywhere because it was__________.
A. simple to cook
B. easy to grow
C. good for health
D. tasty in many dishes
【答案】B
【解析】题目问的是大蒜迅速被世界各地的人们所接受是因为__________。根据第一段的最后一句话It rapidly spread to the world because it was easy to grow and could stay alive in poor conditions.可知，
大蒜迅速传播到世界各地是因为大蒜容易种植并且在恶劣环境下也能生长存活。因此选择B. easy to grow（容易种植）。
13.Ancient Greeks believed that garlic can help__________.
A. cure many diseases
B.heal battle wounds
C.increase body strength
D.keep people healthy
【答案】C
【解析】题目问的是古希腊人认为大蒜有助于__________。根据第二段的最后一句话Greeks gave garlic to athletes during the Olympic Games in order to increase their strength.
可知，古希腊人在奥运会期间让运动员吃大蒜来增强体力。因此选择C. increase body strength（增强体力）。
14.Some ancient people hung garlic outside their doors to__________.
A. frighten bad spirits
B. decorate their houses
C. keep away insects
D. show their wishes
【答案】A
【解析】题目问的是一些古人把大蒜挂在门外是为了__________。根据第四段的最后一句话And if they hung garlic outside the doors of their homes, bad things would go away.可知，古人认为如果把大蒜挂在门外，坏的事物就会跑掉。因此选择A. frighten bad spirits （对抗恶灵）。
15.The largest garlic grower in the world now is__________.
A. Egypt
B. Korea
全国高等教育自学考试C.China
D. Russia
【答案】C
【解析】题目问的是如今全世界最大的大蒜种植国是__________。根据第五段的第二句话China is the largest producer of garlic可知，如今中国是最大的大蒜种植国。因此选择C. China（中国）。
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16～25题，每题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1)从第16～20题后所给的6个选项中为第①～⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选项中选择5
个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Easy Ways to Green up Your Life
① Eating meat produces greenhouse gas emissions (排放), If you can’t give up meat completely, you can reduce your consumption or give up beef. Don9t eat out-of-season farm products. They are grown
in greenhouses. A lot of energy goes into heating the greenhouses. And shipping such out-of-season farm products by air from remote places consumes huge amount of energy, too. Just look for local and in-season foods. ②Spend less time behind the wheel, cycle and walk more, and use public transport more. If you have to drive, the first thing is to choose a car that uses comparatively less fuel. Besides, stick to the speed limit, keep your tires properly filled with air, empty your trunk of heavy items, and accelerate and brake gently.
③ Want to take a vacation trip by plane? Don^ hurry. Think again. Air travel has
a big impact on the environment compared with most other forms of travel. You have better choices. Consider having a vacation within driving distance. Of course, taking the train is the best choice.
④ Think about how much “stuff” you own. A big part of emissions are linked to our consumption. To reduce it we need a change in consumption culture. Do we really