Section ⅠUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C
or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
It's not difficult to set targets for staff . It is much harder, 1 ,to understand their negative
consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others
become distorted. Travel on a London bus and you'll 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course ! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses
do so almost as frequently as cyclists. Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time. There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour fight is now ballad as a two-hour flight. The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything Can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negativeconsequences. This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only
to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.
1. [A] therefore
[B] however
[C] again
[D] moreover
2 .[A] Emphasizes
[B] Identify
[C] Asses
[D] Explain
3. [A] nearly
[B] curiously
[C] eagerly
[D] quickly
4. [A] claim
[B] prove
[C] check
[D] recall
5. [A] threatened
[B] ignored
[C] mocked
[D] blamed
6. [A] punctuality
[B] hospitality
[C] competition
[D] innovation
7. [A] Yes
[B] So
[C] Besides
[D] Still
8. [A] hired
[B] trained
[C] rewarded
[D] grouped
9. [A] only
[B] rather
[C] once
[D] also
10. [A] comfort
[B]revenue
[C] efficiency
[D] security
11. [A] friendly
[B] quiet
[C] cautious
[D] diligent
12. [A] purpose
[B] problem
[C] prejudice
[D] policy
13. [A] reported
[B] revealed
[C] admitted
[D] noticed
14. [A] break
[B] trip
[C] departure
[D] transfer
15. [A] moral
[B] background
[C] style
[D] form
16. [A] interpret
[B] criticize
[C] sacrifice
[D] tolerate
17. [A] task
[B]secret
[C] product
[D] cast
18. [A] leading to
[B] calling for
[C] relating to
[D] accounting for
2021英语二答案19. [A] specify
[B] predict
[C] restore
[D] create
20. [A] modify
[B]review
[C] present
[D]achieve
参考答案：
1.[B] however
2.[A] Emphasize
3. [D] quickly
4. [C] check
5. [B] ignored
6. [A] punctuality
7. [B]So
8. [C] rewarded
9. [D] also
10.[B] revenue
11.[C] cautious
12.[B] problem
13.[D] noticed
14. [B] trip
15.[B] background
16.[C] sacrifice
17.[D] cost
18. [C] relating to
19.[A]specify
20. [D] achieve
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
‘Reskilling’ is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan
to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind.
We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly, as will
the requirements of the jobs that remain Research by the WEF detailed in the Harvard Business
Review, finds that on average 42 percent of the “core skills " within job roles will change by 2022.
That is a very short timeline, so we can only imagine what the changes will be further in the
future.
The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one. For individual companies, the
temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace them
with those whose skills are. That does not always happen. AT&T is often given as the gold
standard of a company who decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a
fire-and-hire strategy. Other companies had also pledged to create their own plans. When the skills
mismatch is in the broader economy. Though, the focus usually tums to government to handle.
Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best. And have given us a situation
where we frequently hear of employers begging for workers. Even at times and in regions where
unemployment is high.
With the pandemic, unemployment is very high indeed. In February at 3.5 per cent and 5.5
P.C. respectively, unemployment rates in Canada and the United States were at generational lows
and worker shortages were everywhere. As of May, those rates had spiked up to 13.3 per cent
and 13.7 per cent, and although many worker shortages had disappeared, not all had done so. In
the medical field, to take an obvious example, the pandemic meant that there were still clean
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