关于大学英语四级听力Section C短文篇章提分技巧及答题步骤大解读
今天我们就来说说关于英语四级听力的那点事,我们都知道四级英语短文听力部分文章篇幅长、信息量大、题材范围广、题型变化多、句子结构更为复杂,有时会夹杂一些专业术语,这些都增加了听力的难度。但如果我们注意分析,还是有规律,有技巧可循的。
一、大常考题型
01细节辨认题
细节辨认题在历年四级短文听力中所占比例最大。它涉及面广,题目的形式多种多样,且多以wh-问题为主(即who, what, when, where, why等),所提问的内容涉及人物、种类、时间、地点、年代、数字、原因、结果、目的等。
根据题干及选项设置的不同,此类题型可分为普通类、关键词类和词义转化类。需要注意的是,很多题有时是其中两种或三种题型的综合。
(1) 普通类细节题
英语四级考试流程详细此类题在问题设置上是直接对原文中某一句子中包含的人物、地点、时间、年代、数字、原因、材料、方式等信息进行提问。
(2) 关键词类细节题
此类题大体可分为以下两种情况:
① 在短文中会听到多次出现的一个或几个词语(一般是全篇文章讨论的中心话题),而且在设置问题时也是围绕这几个关键词提问,因此听音时需要以此为线索出答案。
② 听短文时要按题干中的关键词直接定位短文中相关的信息句,回答有关的细节问题。
(3) 词义转化类细节题
此类题在选项设置时将原文中部分词语或词组转化成另一种说法。
常见提问方式如下:
Which of the following is TRUE?
When was the first…probably made?
Why did the speaker say…?
02主旨大意题
主旨大意题一般要求考生根据录音信息归纳出短文的主题或中心思想等。主旨即短文的中心思想,它通常是以主题句的形式出现在短文中。准确把握主题句是解答主旨题的关键。
由于短文听力的篇幅较长,提供的信息较多,因此在听短文之前先看选项有助于加深对短文主题的理解,同时也可以帮助考生预测题目。
常见提问方式如下:
What is this passage mainly talking about?
What is the main idea/the topic of the passage?
Which of the following/What is the best title of the passage?
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea?
What does the speaker talk about?
03综合推断题
综合推断题是短文听力试题中最难的一种试题类型,因为选项内容所表达的不是文章的字面意思,而是其内在含义,既有可能针对全文,也有可能针对细节;而且此类题目在试题中所占的比例很大,平时练习时应多加注意。
该类题目要求考生依据短文提供的已知信息做出合理的推测和正确的判断。其中,有的干扰选项迷惑性强,似是而非,这就要求考生根据说话人的态度、用词以及上下文语境,按照常识和正确的逻辑推理来判断文章中隐含的内容。
常见提问方式如下:
What conclusion can you get from the passage?
What does the passage mainly suggest?
What does the passage imply?
What can we learn from the passage?
What can/cannot be inferred from the passage?
Which of the following is implied/NOT implied in the passage?
04观点态度题
观点态度题实际上属于综合判断题,通常此类问题的答案无法从文中直接得出,需要考生综合所听到的内容,并结合一定的逻辑推理来推测其观点或态度。
常见提问方式如下:
What is the speaker’s attitude towards/to…?
What does the speaker think of…?
What is the speaker’s opinion about/impression of…?
What is the tone of the passage?
二、大设题点
01篇首处常考
篇首出题已经强调多次了,这种出题方式比较容易掌握,通常是开篇点到文章讨论的话题时即出现第一个问题。这类试题往往可以由关键词判断答案。
02篇尾处常考
篇尾出题相对比较难,因为又要听录音,又要看选项,同时还要做出预测和选择,好像没余下什么时间用来判断文章何时结束。但是,篇尾出题还是有规律可循的。篇尾题常为细节题或者推论题,特别要注意做出某种结论的地方。
03表示并列、转折、因果关系以及强调处常考
若文中出现下列词语,则要注意: 如not only…but also, because, so, since, but, however, the only 等。
例1: What shouldn’t be too surprising according to the speaker?
A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods. C) Customers competing for good bargains.
B) Sales assistants following customers around. D) Customers losing all sense of time.
原文: Supermarkets have made selling such a fine art that their customers often lose all sense of time. When interviewed, customers normally guess they’ve only spent half an hour in the supermarket even when they have been there for over 45 minutes. But that shouldn’t be too surprising. Any really profitable supermarket knows that it should keep its clocks well hidden.
答案: D)。短文提到了一次调查,接受调查的顾客中,很多已经在超市里待了45分钟的人感觉自己仅待了半个小时,因此,调查发现顾客在超市时没有了时间感,而这一现象并不奇怪,故答案为D)。
04表示类比和举例处常考
若文中出现以下词语,一定要多加注意: 如for example, for instance, firstly, secondly, thirdly, the first, the second, first, next等。
例2: What does the speaker say about Trent Maguire, a thirteen-year-old boy?
A) He always boasts about his rich father. C) He has too much to know the value of things.
B) He will grow up to be good for nothing. D) He is too young to manage his inherited property.
原文: When every dream can come true, kids don’t learn the value of anything because they have everything. A thirteen-year-old boy, Trent Maguire, has a driver, credit cards and unlimited cash to do what he wants when he wants to. “One day, I’ll earn more than my dad!” he boasts.
答案: C)。短文提到,当每个梦想都实现时,孩子们不会知道任何事物的价值,因为他们已经拥有了一切。13岁的特伦·马奎尔有司机、信用卡以及无限量的现金,他可以想干什么就干什么。由此可知,他拥有太多,所以不知道事物的价值,故答案为C)。
05年份、年龄、价钱、时间等数字处常考
例3: What is the speaker complaining about?
A) The lack of time. C) The frustrations at work.
B) The quality of life. D) The pressure on working families.
原文: This is hardly a lonesome complaint, according to the families and work institutes, national study of the changing work force, 55% of the employees say they don’t have enough time for themselves, 63% don’t have enough time for their spouses or partners, and 67% don’t have enough time for their children.
答案: A)。短文提到,55%的员工说他们没有足够的时间供自己支配,63%的员工说他们没有足够的时间陪伴自己的配偶或情侣,67%的员工说他们没有足够的时间陪伴自己的孩子。由此可知,在抱怨的是没有时间,故A)为答案。
06形容词和副词比较级与最高级处常考
例4: Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers?
A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff.
B) They concern a small number of people only.
C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.