2020高考英语易错语法点专题十 名词性从句（解析版）
1.【2018·北京】Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A. how                B. when                C. where                D. why
2.【2018·北京】This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A. how                B. which                C. that                D. what
3.【2018·天津】The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whomever            B. wherever            C. whoever            D. whatever
4.【2018·江苏】By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where                B. when                C. why                D. how
5.【2017·北京】Every year, _______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever                B. whoever            C. whomever          D. whichever
6.【2017·北京】Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why              B. where              C. how              D. when
7.【2017·江苏】We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.
A. that                  B. which              C. what                D. how
8.【2017·天津】She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when                B. where                C. whether              D. what
9.【2016·北京】Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.
A. However              B. Whoever          C. Whatever          D. Wherever
10.【2016·北京】The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.
A. what                B. that                C. whether            D. why
【语法精讲】
考点一
      主语从句
一、that引导的主语从句
1．that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不可省略。
◆That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.
众所周知，地球围着太阳转。
2．that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省略。常见句式主要有以下几种：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句
◆(湖北卷)安徽高考时间2020具体时间It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的会议要参加。
在“It＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/requested/＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should＋)动词原形”。 
二、whether/if引导的主语从句
主语从句位于主句谓语动作前，表示“是否”，只能用whether。若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。
◆It’s uncertain whether/if he’ll come this evening.
他今天晚上是否会来还不确定。
◆(安徽卷)The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。
三、wh­类连接词引导的主语从句
wh­类连接词包括连接代词(who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whatever等)和连接副词(when, where, why, whenever, wherever等)。连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、
表语或定语，连接副词在从句中作状语。其语序为wh­类连接词加陈述句。
◆(2016·北京卷)Your support is important to our work. Whatever you can do helps.
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会有所帮助。
◆(北京卷)What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
芭芭拉·琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。
◆(江苏卷)Where Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.
中国伟大的诗人李白出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人还不认可。
[对点演练]——单句语法填空
1．(重庆卷)To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off whoever/whomever we are to shake hands with.
2．(2019·山东济南一中月考)It is said that he is focusing on a book on space exploration. But when it will come out remains in the air.
考点二
      宾语从句
宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后。引导词有三类：从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether, if意为“是否”；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中只作状语。
一、that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作成分，口语中一般可以省略，但下列情况下不能省略：
1．当that在从句中作介词的宾语时。
◆I don’t know exactly where he lives, except that it’s somewhere out in the wilds.
他住在哪里我不很清楚，只知道是在远离城市的荒野之中。
2．动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
◆He told me (that) he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
他告诉我他得离开并且很快就会回来。
3．it作形式宾语的宾语从句。
(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋that从句
(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋that从句
(3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋that从句
(4)固定搭配take it for granted/owe it to sb. ＋that从句
◆No matter where he is, he makes it a rule that he shall go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。
◆I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
二、whether与if引导的宾语从句
whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。
◆(2017·天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
1．宾语从句中有or not时，只能用whether。