陕西省委党校在职研究生考试阅读理解
第一套阅读理解：
一题
by far the most common snake in Britain is the adder. In Scotland, in fact, there are no other snakes at all. The adder is also the only british snake with a poisonous bite. It can be found almost anywhere, but prefers sunny hillsides and rough open country, including high ground. In Ireland, there are no snakes at all.目前英国最常见的蛇是加法器。在苏格兰，事实上，也没有其他蛇类都。加法器是英国也是唯一一种有毒的蛇。它可以到几乎任何地方，但更喜欢阳光明媚的山坡和粗糙开放的国家，其中包括高地。在爱尔兰，那里根本没有蛇。
Most people in Britain regard snake as a fatal misfortune, but not all bites are serious and very few are fatal. Sometimes attempts at emergency treatment turn out to be more dangerous than the bite itself, with amateurs heroically, by mistakenly, trying do-it-yourself s
urgery and other unnecessary measures.大多数英国人认为蛇是一种致命的不幸，但不是所有的音乐是严重的，很少是致命的。有时人们在紧急情况下的结果比伤口本身更危险，业余的英勇，错误，试着自己动手的手术和其他不必要的措施。
All snakes have small teeth, so it follows that all snakes can bite, not only the bite of adder presents danger. British snakes are shy animals and are far more frightened of you than you could possibly be one of them. The adder will attack only if it feels frightened, as can happen if you take it by surprise and step on it accidentally, or if you catch it or pock it up,
which it dislikes intensely. If it hears you coming, it will normally get out of the way as quickly as it can, but adders cannot move very rapidly and may attack before moving if you are very close.所有的蛇都有小小的牙齿，因此，所有的蛇所咬，不仅咬伤加法了危险。英国的蛇是害羞的动物，更害怕你可能比你成为他们中的一个。加法攻击只有当它感到害怕，因为可能发生，如果你把它吃了一惊，偶然踩在它身上，或如果你抓或麻子起来，它极厌恶。如果听到你的到来，它通常会滚出去的尽快的方式，但是蝰蛇移动非常迅速，可能会攻击之前，如果你离得很近。
Adders are most likely to be found -------加法器是最有可能被发现的-------
1在苏格兰的其他地方。
2在爱尔兰的地方。
3荒地遍布英国。
4。在树荫领域在英国
1.in Scotland an nowhere else
2.in Ireland an nowhere else
3.on uncultivated land throughout Britain
4.in shade fields in England
if you are with someone who is bitten by an asser, you should-----如果你与某人谁是由一个资产被咬了，你应该-----
1。尝试捕捉的加法器
2立即动手术。
3。不要担心受害者
4。做任何的尝试对咬自己
1.try to catch the adder
2.operate immediately
3.not worry about the victim
4.make no sttempt to trest the bite yourself
we are told that adders are-----
1.normally friendly towards people
2.unlikely to bite except in self-defense
3.not afraid of people
4.aggressive towards anyone in their country
if an adder hears you approaching, it will usually-------我们被告知，加法是-----
1。对人正常友好
2。不大可能，除非在自卫咬
3。不怕人
4。积极向任何人在自己的国家
1.move out of your path
2.take no notice of you at all
3.pretend to be dead
4.wait until you are close and attack
we are told that in general british people tend to think snake bites are---我们被告知，一般英国人倾向于认为蛇咬伤是——
1不太常见的英国。
2无害的生物。
3更危险比一般。
4个倒霉的。
1.not very common in bitain
2.harmless creatures
3.more dangerous than they usually are
4.unlucky在职研究生考试
二题
Cheating is nothing new. But today, education and administrations are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent –and are less likely to be punished—in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike. 作弊不是什么新鲜事。但今天，教育主管部门，对部分学生的学术不诚实的情况变得更加频繁，是不太可能的惩罚，在过去。作弊似乎已获得接受好的和差的学生之间的。
Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a genera loosing of moral values among today’s youth. Others have attributed increased cheating in the fact that today’s youth are far more pragmatic than their idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the
late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about cheating the world, today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. in interview with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did
not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty ―people are competitive,‖ said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. ―there’s an underlying fear. If you don’t well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. It is almost at though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goal. ‖为什么作弊的学生在上升？没有人真的知道。有些人指责的趋势在属失去道德观念在今天的青年。另一些人由于增加了作弊的事实，今天的年轻人比他们的前辈更务实的理想主义。而在后期，六十年代和七十年代初期，学生都充满了幻想欺骗世界，今天的学生感到巨大的压力，以符合和成功。在面试的学生在高中和大学在全国各地，年轻的男人和女人都说作弊变得容易。有人建议他们这样做是出于恶意老师的不尊重。别人看在它的游戏。如果他们被抓住了，有些人说，他们会感到内疚，“人们竞争，说：”一个二年级的学生叫安娜，来自芝加哥。“有一个潜在的恐惧。如果你不好，你的生活会毁了。压力不仅来自父母和朋友，但从自己。实现。成功。这几乎是我们有超过其他人来达到自己的目标。“
Edward Wynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the students. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take actio
n. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students evaluated. ―I would cheat if I if I was being cheated,‖Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can synthesize information, students will try to beat the system. ―the concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate an there is something wrong with the individuals who’s doing it,‖ he said. ―that’s too easy an answer. We’ve got to start looking an the system.‖一本杂志的编辑爱德华·怀恩，指责，对学生在学术上的不诚实的崛起。他声称，行政人员和教师已经过犹豫采取行动。德怀特·胡贝尔，在阿马里洛的英语系董事长看到不同的问题，指责中作弊的学生评价方式的兴起。胡伯先生说：“我欺骗，”如果我，如果我被欺骗。他认为，只要老师给作文题和学生通过率的事实，以及他们如何能合成信息，而不是他们可以背诵的数量，而不是短期的答案测试，学生将尝试击败系统。“作弊的概念是基于错误的假设，该系统是合法谁做它与个人有什么错，”他说。“这是太容易的答案。我们得开始寻一个系统