2019年考研英语一真题及答案详解
Section Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1____of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2____ on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3____ you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4____ can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5____ to civilization, one of which is to follow the land…
When you find yourself well 6____  a trail, but not in a completely 7____ area, you have to answer two questions:Which 8____ is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh wat
er.9____,if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10____ see signs of people.
If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11____  how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your
bearings.
Another12____ : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation.13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14____ gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15____ the woods. Head toward these 16____ to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17____ light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.
18____ , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the  19  we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can  20____  you to civilization.
1. [A]Some      [B]Most      [C]Few      [D]All
【答案】C
【解析】首句为主题句:今天,我们生活在一个GPS系统,数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上唾手可得的世界。空格所在句指出:我们中_____在没有电话,个人GPS或其他导航工具的情况下直接走进树林。本句有without与few构成双重否定表肯定,根据语义应该填入few(几乎没有人),符合文意。
2. [A]put    [B]take    [C]run    [D]come
【答案】C
【解析】run on battery表示手机用电池发动,运行。其他选项:Put on (穿上;使运转);take on (承担;呈现);come on (快点;开始),语义不通顺。故正确答案为[C] run。
3. [A]Since    [B] If      [C]Though      [D]Until
【答案】B
【解析】空格所在句译文:____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路,____不到北方,我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处为假设的情况,故填入if(如果)符合上下文的表达。其余选项:Since (因为;自从), though (虽然), until (直到)带入后,语义不通顺。故正确答案为[B] If。
4. [A]formally      [B] relatively      [C] gradually      [D] literally
【答案】D
【解析】空格所在句译文:____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路,____不到北方,我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处literally表示确实地,真正地,带入原文语义通顺:你的确不到北方。其余选项:Formally (正式地),relatively(相对地),gradually(逐渐地)带入后,语义不通顺。故正确答案为[D] literally.
5. [A] back    [B] next      [C] around      [D] away
【答案】A
【解析】空格所在句译文:____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路,____不到北方,我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。前文讲lost(迷路),此处填入back(回到)文明之地相互呼应,故正确答案为[A] back。考研英语试题
6. [A]onto      [B]off    [C]across      [D]alone
【答案】B
【解析】空格所在句的句意为:当你____路径,但不是完全______的区域,你需要回答两个问题:在这个特殊区域,哪儿条路是下坡?哪儿里有最近的水源?通过后半句的问题,能够了解到前面是当你偏离轨道,迷失踪迹的时候。B选项off (远离,离开)符合语义要求;A选项onto(在…之上),C选项across(穿过,横穿),D选项alone(独自地,单独地)带入空格后,语义不通顺,均排除。故正确答案为B选项off。
7. [A]unattractive    [B] uncrowded      [C]unchanged      [D]unfamiliar
【答案】D
【解析】空格所在句的前一句说迷失踪迹,偏离轨道。空格所在的后半句but开头,所填入的形容词词需要和前面构成转折的逻辑关系,虽然偏离轨道,但也不是完全不熟悉的路。只有D选项unfamiliar(不熟悉的,不常见的)符合要求;A选项unattractive(不吸引人的),B选uncrowded(不拥挤的,宽敞的),C选项unchanged(未改变的,无变化的)带入后,语义不通顺。故正确答案为[D]unfamiliar。
8. [A]site    [B]point      [C]way      [D]place
【答案】C
【解析】空格所在句的句意:你需要回答两个问题:在这个特殊区域,哪儿个_____是下坡?哪儿里有最近的水源?空格处所需的名词需要符合上下文语境。C选项way(道路)符合语义要求;A选项site(地点,位置,场所),B选项point(要点),D选项place(地方,地点)带入空格后,语义不通顺,均排除。故正确答案为C选项way。
9. [A]So      [B]Yet      [C]Instead      [D]Besides
【答案】A
【解析】空格所在句的前一句指出:生活在山谷中的人,基本都靠淡水为生。后面也就是空格所在句:_______如果你下山,沿着水走,你会发现人类的迹象……很明显空格处所填入的连词和前面构成因果的逻辑关系,只有A选项So(所以,因此)符合要求;B选项Yet(但是,然而),C选Instead(代替,反而),D选项Besides(此外,而且)带入后,语义不通顺。故正确答案为[A]So。
10. [A]immediately      [B] intentionally      [C]unexpectedly      [D] eventually
【答案】D
【解析】空格所在句的句意:所以如果你下山,沿着你到的水一直走,你______会看到人类的迹象……,空格处所需的副词需要符合本句语境并是句子语义通顺。D选项eventually (最后,终于)符合语义要求;A选项immediately(立即,立刻),B选项intentionally(故意地,有意地),C选项unexpectedly(意外地,出乎意料地)带入空格后,语义不通顺,均排除。故正确答案为D选项eventually。
11. [A]surprised      [B]annoyed      [C]frightened      [D]confused
【答案】A
【解析】空格所在句提到:If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be surprised how quickly spotting a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings(如果你之前去过这个地方,一定要注意熟悉的景象,你或许会____快速识别出一块特征明显的岩石或树木能帮助你恢复记忆)。此句明显体现了积极褒义的感情彩,根据这个线索,可直接确定A选项surprised为正确答案,即:你或许会感到惊讶……