2022年考研英语（一）真题及参考答案「完整版」
2022年考研英语（一）真题及参考答案「完整版」
目前，2022全国硕士研究生考试已经结束，店铺希望大家都考的都不错。为了第一时间帮助大家了解自己的考试结果，核对试题对错，为后续的复试、调剂做好准备，下面是店铺精心整理的2022年考研英语（一）真题及参考答案「完整版」，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term “plant neurobiology” was ____1____ around the notion that some aspect
考研英语试题
s of plant behavior could be ____2____ to intelligence in animals. ____3____ plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that ____4____ consciousness, researchers previously reported.
But such an idea is untrue, according to a new opinion article. Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it ____5____ so greatly from that of animals that so-called ____6____ of plants’ intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.
Beginning in 2006, some scientists have ____7____ that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters, ____8____ “a plant nervous system, ____9____ to that in animals,” said lead study author Lincoln Taiz, “They ____10____ claimed that plants have ‘brain-like command centers’ at their root tips.”
This ____11____ makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain, ____12____ it to an array of electrical pulses; cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals. ____13____, the signaling in a plant is only ____14____ similar to the firing in a complex animal brain, which is more than “a mass of cells that communicate by
electricity,” Taiz said.
“For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold ____15____ of complexity and capacity is required,” he ____16____.” Since plants don’t have nervous systems, the ____17____ that they have consciousness are effectively zero.”
And what’s so great about consciousness, anyway? Plants can’t run away from ____18____, so investing energy in a body system which ____19____ a threat and can feel pain would be a very ____20____ evolutionary strategy, according to the article.
1. [A] coined [B] discovered [C] collected [D] issued
2. [A] attributed [B] directed [C] compared [D] confined
3. [A] Unless [B] When [C] Once [D] Though
4. [A] coped with [B] consisted of [C] hinted at [D] extended to
5. [A] suffers [B] benefits [C] develops [D] differs
6. [A] acceptance [B] evidence [C] cultivation [D] creation
7. [A] doubted [B] denied [C] argued [D] requested
8. [A] adapting [B] forming [C] repairing [D] testing
9. [A] analogous [B] essential [C] suitable [D] sensitive
10. [A] just [B] ever [C] still [D] even
11. [A] restriction [B] experiment [C] perspective [D] demand
12. [A] attaching [B] reducing [C] returning [D] exposing
13. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise
14. [A] temporarily [B] literally [C] superficially [D] imaginarily
15. [A] list [B] level [C] label [D] load
16. [A] recalled [B] agreed [C] questioned [D] added
17. [A] chances [B] risks [C] excuses [D] assumptions
18. [A] danger [B] failure [C] warning [D] control
19. [A] represents [B] includes [C] reveals [D] recognizes
20. [A] humble [B] poor [C] practical [D] easy
答案：
1. [A] coined
2. [C] compared
3. [D] Though
4. [C] hinted at
5. [D] differs
6. [B] evidence
7. [C] argued
8. [B] forming
9. [A] analogous
10. [D] even
11. [C] perspective
12. [B] reducing
13. [A] However
14. [C] superficially
15. [B] level
16. [D] added
17. [A] chances
18. [A] danger
19. [D] recognizes
20. [B] poor
1. 【答案】[A] coined
【解析】逻辑关系题。分号提示分号前后语义一致。根据分号前的first(首次)和took root(生根)可知，plants have some degree of consciousness(植物有某种程度的意识)在当时是种新思想。据此推断，the term “plant neurobiology”是个新概念。A项coined表示“创造(新词语)”，代入后符合原文语义。所以，本题答案为A项。
干扰项：B项discovered(发现)，C项collected(收集)和D项issued(发布)均不符合原文语义。
2. 【答案】[C] compared
【解析】固定搭配题。分号提示分号前后语义一致。根据分号前plants have some degree
of consciousness(植物有某种程度的意识)可知：植物有意识。这种意识与空白处后的intelligence in animals(动物的智力)二者存在相似性。C项compared与to构成固定搭配，表示“表明……与……相似;将……比作”，代入后符合原文语义。所以，本题答案为C项。
干扰项：其余各项均可与to构成不同的搭配，A项attributed to (把……归因于)，B项directed to(把……对准……)和D项confined to(把……限定在……)均不符合原文语义。
3. 【答案】[D] Though
【解析】逻辑关系题。本题考查句内逻辑关系，比较本句前后两个半句语义，即plants lack brains(植物缺乏大脑)和the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses(然而，茎和叶发射的电信号触发了反应)，可知二者存在语义相反。D项Though(虽然，尽管)提示让步关系，属于语义相反，符合原文逻辑关系。所以，本题答案为D项。
干扰项：A项Unless(除非)，B项When(当……时)，C项Once(一旦)，均不符合原文语义和逻辑关系。
4. 【答案】[C] hinted at
【解析】固定搭配题。根据空白处前后的responses(反应)和consciousness(感觉;意识)语义可知，前者是后者的一种信号。C项hinted at为固定搭配，表示“暗示，透露”，代入后符合原文语义。所以，本题答案为C项。