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Text 1
A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more
stressed at home that at work. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is
stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it
higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.
“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as
men have lower levels of stress at work than at home,” writes one of the
researchers, Sarah Damaske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, shenotes,
“It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work.”
Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and
without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the
home have better health.
四川省招生考试What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when
they’re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the
office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women
who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work
outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the
blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in
making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more
stressed at home.
But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what
they’re supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have
to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours
of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.
西安招生考试网On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household
in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a
lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home
2019公务员工资套改等级标准对照表colleagues- your family- have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be
talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all
electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never
really get to go home from home.
So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the
tasks apparently infinite, the co- workers are much harder to motivate.
21. According to Paragraph 1, most previous surveys found that home_______
[A] was an unrealistic place for relaxation
[B] generated more stress than the workplace
[C] was an ideal place for stress measurement
[D] offered greater relaxation than the workplace
22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?
[A] Working mothers
[B] Childless husbands
[C] Childless wives
[D] Working fathers
23. The blurring of working women’s roles refers to the fact thay_______
[A] they are both bread winners and housewives
[B] their home is also a place for kicking back
[C] there is often much housework left behind
[D] it is difficult for them to leave their office
24. The word “moola”(Line 4, Para 4) most probably means_______
[A] energy
[B] skills
[C] earnings
[D] nutrition
25. The home front differs from the workplace in that_______
[A] home is hardly a cozier working environment
[B] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut
[C] household tasks are generally more motivating西安经开区人才网
[D] family labor is often adequately rewarded
Text2
For years, studies have found that first-generation college students- those who
do not have a parent with a college degree- lag other students on a range of
education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are
higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they
succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to
recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting firstgeneration
students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher
education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” ab
achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a
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