2022年考研英语翻译真题译文及解析
但是在与年轻人接触时,交往事实本身作为一项直接的人类事实,日益重要。48虽然在我们与年轻人接触时,很简单忽视我们的行为对他们的性格产生的影响,但这并不像与成年人打交道那么简洁。培训的必要性显而易见;转变他们态度和习惯的要求如此迫切,我们不能对这些后果置之不理。49既然我们的主要职责在于使年轻人参加共同生活,那么我们不得不考虑我们是否在构建能够确保我们这种力量的力气。假如人类有所进展,意识到每项制度的终极价值在于它独特的人类效应的话,我们可以认为这个教训很大程度上源于与年轻人的接触。50因此,我们可以在上文所述及的广泛的训练进程中,区分出一种更加正规的训练,即直接教育或学校训练。在落后的社会体中,我们几乎看不到正规的训练和培训。这些体主要依靠于培育年轻人各种必需的品质,而正是这种同样类型的社会联系保持着成年人对自身体的忠诚。
46、It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive。
构造分析:
并列分句及形式主语构造//It may be said主语从句//that the
measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect 介词短语作后置定语/in enlarging and improving experience; 并列分句//but this effect is not a part of its original motive。
词义推敲:
the measure of 对……的衡量
social institution社会制度
effect效果,效应,影响
enlarging and improving experience扩展(或扩大)和改良(或提升)阅历教育考试网报名入口
original原始的,最初的
motive动机,目的
参考译文:
可以说,对任何社会制度的价值的衡量在于它在扩展和改良阅历方面的效应,但是这种效应并不是它原始动机的一局部。
泸州市人力资源考试网
得分重点:
主语从句,后置定语,后一个分句的宾语
47、Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution。
构造分析:
并列句及倒装构造//Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, 并列句及倒装构造//and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution。
词义推敲:
gradually渐渐地,慢慢地
by-product副产品,意外结果、副作用
directive指导性的
the conduct of the institution制度的运转(或实施)
参考译文:
社会制度的这种副效应是渐渐地被意识到的,而熟悉到这种效应是制度运转的指导性因素则更加缓慢。
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得分重点:
两个倒装构造,呈递进关系的两个被强调局部
48、While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults。
构造分析:
让步状语从句//While 形式主语/it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition,
主句及形式主语//it is比拟构造/ not so easy 比拟构造/as in dealing with adults。
词义推敲:
Ignore无视,忽视
contact with与……接触、联系
六中全会决议中的10个明确the effect of our acts我们的行为产生的影响
disposition气质,性格
deal with adults与成年人打交道、接触
参考译文:
虽然在我们与年轻人接触时,很简单忽视我们的行为对他们的性格产生的影响,但这并不像与成年人打交道那么简洁。
得分重点:
让步状语从句,形式主语
49、Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability。
构造分析:
缘由状语从句//Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life 主句//we cannot help considering 宾语从句//whether or not we are forming the powers 定语从句which
will secure this ability。
词义推敲:
chief business主要任务,主要职责,主要事务高考志愿网站登录入口
enable使…能够…
share in a common life参加共同的生活
cannot help considering情不自禁地考虑,禁不住考虑,不得不考虑
whether or not是否
secure this ability确保这个力量
中公教育成都分校参考译文:
既然我们的主要任务在于使年轻人参加共同生活,那么我们不得不考虑我们是否在构建能够确保我们获得这种力量的力气。
得分重点:
缘由状语从句,whether引导的宾语从句,定语从句
50、We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling。
构造分析:
主句//We are thus led to distinguish, 插入语//within the broad educational process定语从句// which we have been so far