2021年考研《英语一》阅读理解真题及答案解析
  阅读A
  Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this "clawback" rule is to hold bankers accountable
  restore public trust in financial institutions. Yet officials also hope for a much larger
  benefit: more long-term decision making, not only by banks but by all corporations, to
  build a stronger economy for future generations.甘肃省考试院
  "Short-termism," or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly trades companies, says the Bank of England's top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as
初级会计必背50个知识点
  acting like rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.
  The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed quarterly capitalism.
  In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information at the speed of Twitter, and thus shorter attention spans in financial markets. "There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing, said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week.
  In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer
  performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce "sho
rt-termism" In its latest survey of CEO pay. The Wall Street Journal finds that "a substantial part" of executive pay is now tied to performance.
  Much more could be done to encourage "long-termism" such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.
  Within companies, the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of al stakeholders. Britain' s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.
  21.【题干】According to Paragraph 1,one motive in imposing the new rule is the _____.普通话成绩查询
内蒙古人事信息考试网  【选项】
  A.enhance bankers' sense of responsibility
  B.help corporations achieve larger profits
  C.build a new system of financial regulation
  D.guarantee the bonuses of top executives
华图教育公务员培训班电话  【答案】A
  【解析】根据题干可知这是一道典型的细节题。根据题干关键词“paragraph 1”和“one motive in imposing the new rule”回文定位在第一段第三句“The main purpose of this 'clawback' rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions.”(这个规则主要目的是让银行家为不良风险负责以及修复公众对金融机构的信任)，对比所给四个选项，只有A项 enhance bankers' sense of responsibility (增加银行的责任感)与原文表述一致，故为正确答案。B项“help corporations achieve profits”(帮助公司获得利润)以及C项“build a new system of financial regulation”(建立新的金融监管体系)在原文中并未提及。D项“guarantee the bonuses of top executives”(保证高管的奖金)与原文“…any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years…”(高管的任何有保证的奖金会被延迟10年)表述相反，故排除。