2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)
Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online libraries. You can start your essay with the sentence “Online libraries are becoming increasingly popular”. You
should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
_____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),
B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line
through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A. Ship traffic in the Atlantic. B. Warm currents in the ocean.
C. Exhaust from cars in Europe.
D. Particles emitted by power plants.
2. A. They need to be taken seriously. B. They have a huge effect on fishery.
C. They might be causing trouble to air flights.
D. They may be affecting the world’s climate. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A. To appeal for higher wages. B. To demand better health care.
C. To call for a permanent security guard.
D. To dismiss the bad-tempered supervisor.
4. A. It had already taken strong action. B. It would put customers’ needs first.
C. It would take their appeal seriously.
D. It was seeking help from the police. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A. The road was flooded. B. The road was blocked.
C. The road was frozen with snow.
D. The road was covered with spilled gas.
6. A. A truck plunged into a pool of liquid chocolate.
B. The heavy snow made driving very difficult.
C. The truck driver dozed off while driving.
D. A truck hit a barrier and overturned.
7. A. It was a long time before the cleanup was finished.
B. It was a hard task to remove the spilled substance.
C. It was fortunate that no passenger got injured.
D. It was difficult to contact the manufacturer.
Section B Conversation
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),
B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line
through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A. She wanted to save for a new phone. B. She found it much safer to use cash.
C. She could enjoy discounts with cash.
D. She had been cheated using phone apps.
9. A. They can save a lot more time and trouble.
B. They find it less difficult to make purchases.
C. They derive greater pleasure from buying things.
D. They are less aware of the value of their money.
10. A. More valuable items. B. More non-essential things.
C. Everyday necessities.
D. Electronic devices.
11. A. It can improve shopping efficiency. B. It is altering the way of shopping.
C. It may lead to excessive spending.
D. It appeals more to younger people. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A. He wanted to order some wooden furniture.
B. He had to change the furniture delivery time.
C. He had a problem with the furniture delivered.
D. He wanted the furniture store to give him a refund.
13. A. Send the furniture back to the store. B. Describe the furniture he received.
C. Collect the furniture he ordered.
D. Buy another brand of furniture.
14. A. Correct their mistake. B. Improve their service.
C. Apologize to his wife.
D. Give the money back.
15. A. She recommended a new style. B. She offered some gift to the man.
C. She apologized to the man once more.
D. She checked all the items with the man. Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)
and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A. Reading books of wisdom. B. Tidying up one’s home.
C. Sharing with others.
D. Donating to charity.
17. A. Things that make one happy. B. Things that are becoming rare.
D. Things that cost a lot of money.
18. A. It joined the city’s clean-up campaign.
B. It sold as many as fifty boxes of books.
C. It received an incredibly large number of donated books.
D. It did little business because of the unusual cold weather.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A. Give free meals to the homeless.
B. Provide shelter for the homeless.
C. Help the vulnerable to cook lunches.
D. Call for change in the local government.
20. A. Strengthen co-operation. B. Promote understanding.
C. Win national support.
D. Follow his example.
21. A. Spreading news of his deeds. B. Writing him thank-you notes.
C. Following the example he sets.
D. Sending hi hand- made bags.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A. To solve word search puzzles. B. To send smartphone messages.
C. To test their eyesight using a phone app.
D. To install sore audio equipment in a lab.
23. A. They could not go on until the ringing stopped.
B. They could no longer concentrate on their task.
C. They grabbed the phone and called back right away.
D. They asked their experimenter to hang up the phone.
24. A. A rise in emotional problems. B. A decline in sports activities.
C. A reduction in the amount of sleep.
D. A decline in academic performance.
25. A. Protect the eyesight of the younger generation.
国考岗位表2021B. Take effective measures to raise productivity.
C. Realize the disruptive effects of technology.
D. Ensure they have sufficient sleep every day.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A
Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the
passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified
by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a
single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
There’re three main types of financial stress people encounter. The first type is apparent in people being stressed about the 26 ups and downs of investment markets-actually not so much the ups, but 27 the downs. These people are usually unable or unprepared to endure the long haul.
The next common type of financial stress is that caused by debt. In a 28 percentage of cases of debt- induced financial stress, credit cards and loans will be a central element. Often there’ll be a car loan and perhaps a mortgage, but credit cards often seem to be the gateway to debt related financial difficulties for many.
The third type of stress and 29 the least known is inherited financial stress, which is the most destructive. It is experienced by those who have grown up in households where their parents regularly 30 and fought about money. Money therefore becomes a stressful topic, and so the thought of sitting down and planning is an unattractive Those suffering inherited financial anxiety 31 .
Those suffering inherited financial anxiety 32 to follow one of two patterns. Either they put their head in the sand: they would 33 examining their financial statements, budgeting, and
discussing financial matters with those closest to them. Alternatively, they would go to the other 34 , and micro-analyze everything, to the point of complete 35 . They’re convinced that whatever
Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each st
atement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each
paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 2.
Doctor’s orders: Let children just play
A) Imagine a drug that could enhance a child’s creativity and critical thinking. Imagine that this drug
were simple to make, safe to take, and could be had for free. The nation’s leading pediatricians (儿科医生) say this miracle compound exists. In a new clinical report, they are urging doctors to prescribe it liberally to the children in their care.
B) “This may seem old-fashioned, but there are skills to be learned when kids aren’t told what to do,”
said Dr. Michael Y ogman, a Harvard Medical School pediatrician who led the drafting of the call to arms. Whether it’s rough physical play, outdoor play or pretend play, kids derive important lessons from the chance to make things up as they go, he said.
C) The advice, issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics，may come as a shock to some
parents. After spending years fretting (烦恼) over which toys to buy, which apps to download and which skill-building programs to send their kids to after school, letting them simply play or better yet, playing with them could se em like a step backward. The pediatricians insist that it’s not. The academy’s guidance does not include specific recommendations for the dosing of play. Instead, it asks doctors to advise parents before their babies turn two that play is essential to healthy development.
D) “Play is not silly behavior,” the academy’s report declares. It fosters children’s creativity, cooperation,
and problem-solving skills all of which are critical for a 21st-century work force. When parents engage in play with their children, it builds a wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress, including poverty, the academy says. In the pediatricians’ view, essentially every life skill that’s valued in adults can be built up with play. “Collaboration, negotiation, decision-making, creativity, leadership, and increased physical activity are just some of the skills and benefits children gain throu
gh play,”they wrote. The pediatricians’ appeal comes as kids are being squeezed by increasing academic demands at school and the constant invasion of digital media.
E) The trends have been a long time coming. Between 1981 and 1997，detailed time-use studies showed
2022国考录用公示that the time children spent at play declined by 25 percent. Since the adoption of sweeping education
reforms in 2001，public schools have steadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for standardized tests. The focus on academic “skills and drills” has cut deeply into recess (课间休息) and other time for free play.
F) By 2009，a study of Los Angeles kindergarten classrooms found that five-year-olds were so burdened
with academic requirements that they were down to an average of just 19 minutes per day of “choice time,” when they were permitted to play freely with blocks, toys or other children. One in four Los Angeles teachers reported there was no time at all for “free play.” Increased academic pressures hav
e left 30 percent of U. S. kindergarten classes without any recess. Such findings prompted the American Academy of Pediatrics to issue a policy statement in 2013 on the “crucial role of recess in school.”
G) Pediatricians aren’t the only ones who have noticed. In a report titled “Crisis in the Kindergarten,” a
group of educators, health professionals and child advocates called the loss of play in early childhood “a tragedy, both for the children themselves and for our nation and the world.” Kids in play-based Kindergartens “end up equally good or better at reading and other intellectual skills, and they are more likely to become well-adjusted heal thy people,” the Alliance for Childhood said in 2009. Indeed, new research demonstrates why playing with blocks might have been time better spent, Y ogman said.
事业单位考试报名时间The trial assessed the effectiveness of an early mathematics intervention(干预) aimed at preschoolers. The results showed almost no gains in math achievement.
H) Another playtime thief: the growing proportion of kids’ time spent in front of screens and digital
devices, even among preschoolers. Last year, Common Sense Media reported that children up through age eight spent an average of two hours and 19 minutes in front of screens each day, including an average of 42 minutes a day for those under two. This increase of digital use comes with rising risks of obesity, sleep deprivation and cognitive(认知的)，language and social-emotional delays, the American Academy of Pediatrics warned in 2016.
普通话等级证书查询I) “I respect that parents have busy lives and it’s easy to hand a child an iPhone,” Y ogman said, “But
there’s a cost to that. For young children, it’s much too pass ive. And kids really learn better when they’re actively engaged and have to really discover things.”
J) The decline of play is a special hazard for the roughly 1 in 5 children in the United States who live in poverty. These 14 million children most urgently need to develop the resilience(韧劲) that is cultivated with play. Instead, Y ogman said, they are disproportionately affected by some of the trends that are making play scarce: academic pressures at schools that need to improve test scores, outside play areas that are limited or unsafe, and parents who lack the time or energy to share in playtime. K) Y ogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids. “The notion that as parents we need to schedule every minute of their time is not doing them a great
service,” he said. Even well-meaning parents may be “robbing them of the opportunity to have that joy of discovery and curiosity-the opportunity to find things out on their own.”
L) Play may not be a hard sell to kids. But UCL A pediatrician Carlos Lerner acknowledged that the pediatricians’ new prescription may meet with skepticism (怀疑) from parents, who are anxious for advice on how to give their kids a leg up in the world. They should welcome the simplicity of the message, Lerner said, “It’s liberating to be able to offer them this advice: that you spending time with your child and letting him play is one of the most valuable things you can do,” he said. “It doesn’t have to involve spending a lot of money or time, or joining a parenting group. It’s something we can offer that’s achievable. They just don’t recognize it right now as particularly valuable.”
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